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15 — TWO DAMAGES
In interpreting the words of Allah SWT:
ظَهَرَ الْفَسَادُ فِي الْبَرِّ وَالْبَحْرِ
"Telah tampak kerusakan di daratan dan di lautan..."
(QS. ar-Rūm [30]: 41)
Abu Bakr RA said:
الْبَرُّ هُوَ اللِّسَانُ وَالْبَحْرُ هُوَ الْقَلْبُ
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What is meant by “land” is the tongue.
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What is meant by “sea” is the heart.
So, when the tongue is damaged, as seen from frequent cursing and insulting—which can hurt many people—and when the heart is damaged, for example by riyā’ (showing off in worship), even the angels cry out of regret.
Among the wisdom in giving humans a tongue is that it serves as a reminder for them to speak, except about matters that are known to be harmful. Some scholars say another wisdom is that the tongue can be used to remember Allah by uttering words to glorify the One God, namely Allah SWT.
Likewise, the wisdom in creating the heart (inside the chest), ears, and eyes in pairs is that their number is two. This is so they can meet needs without excess. But the tongue is created only one, so that its use is limited and controlled. Abu Bakr RA likened the heart to the ocean, which contains the nature of depth and vastness.
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14 TWO INDICATIONS OF THE LEVEL OF MA‘RIFAH (GNOSIS)
Some wise people have said:
مَنْ تَوَهَّمَ أَنَّ لَهُ وَلِيًّا أَوْلَى مِنَ اللهِ قَلَّتْ مَعْرِفَتُهُ بِاللهِ، وَمَنْ تَوَهَّمَ أَنَّ لَهُ عَدُوًّا أَعْدَى مِنْ نَفْسِهِ قَلَّتْ مَعْرِفَتُهُ بِنَفْسِهِ
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Whoever thinks that he has a helper better than Allah SWT, then he has little knowledge of Him.
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Whoever thinks that he has an enemy more dangerous than his own nafs (self/lower desires), then he has not yet known himself.
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TWO OCCUPATIONS
It is said:
هُمُ العَارِفُ الثَّنَاءَ وَهُمُ الزَّاهِدُ الدُّعَاءَ
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The occupation of the ‘ārif billāh (gnostic) is praising Allah SWT.
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The occupation of the zāhid is supplicating.
‘Ārif billāh is a person who always praises the greatness of Allah’s attributes. Meanwhile, zāhid is a person who avoids a luxurious life in this world by wholeheartedly praying to Allah SWT. A zāhid always humbles himself before Allah SWT, asking for the goodness that He approves of.
The difference lies in the fact that the purpose of the ahl al-ma‘rifah is Allah SWT — not reward, not even Paradise. Meanwhile, the goal of a zāhid is to gain benefits in the form of Paradise. Thus, the goal of a zāhid is still the maidens of Paradise, while the goal of an ‘ārif billāh is to remove all veils between himself and Allah SWT.
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